Determines each heir's Sharia-mandated share according to your chosen fiqh school (Hanafi / Maliki / Shafi'i / Hanbali), shows excluded heirs and why, and gives full fiqh detail (base of the case, 'awl, radd, agnate succession) with a source for every rule.
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This calculator applies the classical science of fara'id (Islamic inheritance) step by step: identifying which heirs are present, applying the agreed exclusion (hajb) rules (such as a son excluding a son's son), then distributing the fixed shares (such as a spouse's or a parent's), computing the "base of the case" (the common denominator of these fractions), then handling 'awl if the shares exceed the estate, or agnate succession and radd if a residue remains. A few of these rules genuinely differ across the four schools — most notably a true grandfather's inheritance alongside siblings, and radd to fixed-share heirs — which is why choosing a school is the mandatory first step, and the calculation engine is fully independent per school with no mixing of rules whatsoever. Every result is shown as its exact Sharia fraction, percentage, and amount of the net estate, with full fiqh detail available for anyone who wants to understand how the result was reached, not just the final number.
Fara'id is one of the most precise, mathematically disciplined branches of Islamic jurisprudence, because most of its shares are stated explicitly in the Qur'an (Surat al-Nisa, verses 11, 12, and 176), while its finer mechanics — the order of agnate succession, the grandfather-and-siblings question, and radd — were worked out by the Companions and the jurists of the four schools over centuries of comparative fiqh. This calculator presents that mechanism interactively and transparently, so a user sees not just the final figure but how the calculation reached it.
The first step in any real inheritance case is establishing the net, distributable estate — not simply the deceased's total assets. That starts by deducting the cost of preparing and burying the deceased appropriately, then settling every debt owed (to God or to people), then executing any bequest — capped, by Sharia, at one third of what remains after debts, unless every adult heir agrees to more. Only what remains after these three steps is actually divided among the heirs by fixed share and agnate succession.
The second step is determining who actually inherits and who is excluded. Exclusion in fara'id comes in two forms: a reduction (which lowers a share without eliminating it, such as the mother's share dropping from a third to a sixth when there is a descendant or multiple siblings), and a full exclusion (which removes an heir entirely, such as a son's son being excluded by an actual son, or full siblings being excluded by a father). This last rule — "the nearer relative excludes the farther one in the same line" — is agreed across every school in almost every case, with one famous exception: a true grandfather's inheritance alongside full or paternal half-siblings. The Hanafi school excludes those siblings entirely, while the other three schools have the grandfather share the estate with them, under a formula guaranteeing him never less than one-sixth of the estate or one-third of the residue.
The third step is calculating the fixed shares (one half, one quarter, one eighth, one sixth, one third, or two-thirds) for everyone entitled to one, combined over a common denominator called the "base of the case." If the shares total less than the estate, the residue goes to the nearest agnate heir (a paternal-line male, such as a son, brother, or uncle) if one exists; if none exists, some schools (Hanafi, Hanbali) return that residue to the blood-related fixed-share heirs proportionally — radd — while others (standard Maliki, Shafi'i) direct it to the public treasury. If the shares exceed the estate, every share is scaled down proportionally so the total matches it — 'awl, first recorded under 'Umar ibn al-Khattab.
Because these rules interact differently with every heir combination, a real inheritance case takes time and fiqh expertise to work out by hand, and one small error in identifying an exclusion or kinship type changes the whole result. That is the value of a tool that computes these interactions automatically with exact fractional precision — no decimal rounding — while keeping every step legible, rather than a black box that only outputs a final number.
Because a few inheritance rules genuinely differ between the four schools (most notably a grandfather's share alongside siblings, and whether "radd" applies), this calculator cannot produce a correct result without knowing which school you or your country follow.
The clearest practical difference: a true grandfather together with full or paternal half-siblings — the Hanafi school excludes those siblings entirely, while Maliki, Shafi'i, and Hanbali have the grandfather share the estate with them. The schools also differ on "radd": applied in Hanafi and Hanbali, not applied in the standard Maliki and Shafi'i position.
The base of the case (asl al-mas'ala) is the common denominator of all the fixed shares combined. 'Awl happens when the fixed shares add up to more than the whole estate, so every share is scaled down by the same proportion. Radd happens when a residue remains with no agnate heir to claim it, so it is returned to the blood-related fixed-share heirs in proportion to their shares (in the schools that apply it).
No. This is an educational tool for understanding and practicing the mechanics of Islamic inheritance distribution, and it never replaces consulting a qualified Sharia scholar or a competent judicial authority for an actual division of an estate, especially in complex cases such as multiple fixed shares, exclusions, a will, or disputed lineage.
The maximum Sharia-recognized bequest to a non-heir is one third of the estate after debts. If you enter a larger amount, the calculator warns you and caps the calculation at that one-third limit, because anything beyond it requires the consent of every adult heir.